Ultrasonic Devices

Ultrasonic Sensor-Electronics Seminar Topic:

Seminar on Ultrasonic Devices need Following Things.

• What is Sensor?
• Ultrasonic Waves?
• Properties.
• Principle and Working of Ultrasonic Devices.
• Applications.
• Explanation of some applications.

Some applications of Ultrasonics are as Below:

1. Ultrasonic Level Sensor.
2. Ultrasonic Distance Sensor.
3. Ultrasonic Flow Meters.

Sensors:

Sensor is Transducer Device which can sense the change in Pressure, Temperature etc. physical Quantities and turn them into readable digital or analogue quantity. Sensors are responsible for making simple devices and machines into SMART DEVICES or Machines.

What are Ultrasonic Waves?

Now, we discuss about Ultrasonic Devices. Here are some of major properties of Ultrasonic Waves.

1. First of all, Ultrasonic Waves are not the Electromagnetic Waves. They are mechanical waves.
2. As being the mechanical waves, they need medium for their propagation.
3. Their frequency is > 20kHz.
4. As high frequency, wavelength is ought to be small.
5. High penetrative properties.

Ultrasonic Sensors:

Ultrasonic Sensors generates high frequency sound waves and evaluates the echo which is received back by the sensor. They typically comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer which transforms electrical energy into sound and, in reverse, sound into electrical energy. An ultrasonic transducer consists of a transmitter, a receiver & a processing unit. It generates frequency range of 30kHz-100kHz.

Principle of Working For Ultrasonic Sensor:

1. Transducer typically have a piezoelectric ceramic element (material) that converts an excitation electrical signal into ultrasonic energy bursts or vibrations at very high frequency.
2. Conversely, generates voltage whenever subjected to vibrations.
3. Piezoelectric ceramic element such as lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) having operating frequency close to 32kHz.

Applications:

1. Detecting and identifying solid objects.
2. Measuring the shape and orientation of a work-piece.
3. Distance measurement.
4. Room surveillance.
5. Flow measurement.
6. Level measurement of a tank.